The bees are busy gathering the last bits of nectar and pollen
they can find. There are a few late blooming flowers that provide
both of these (asters, rabbit brush etc) to help the hive prepare for
the coming winter. They are also busy gathering propolis to seal
the hive against drafts which can harm the colony while in cluster
formation, drafts/cracks allow cold air to blow into the hive and
can chill and kill the outer cluster bees and reduce the overall
population which keeps the queen and colony warm.
The workers are now starting to kick out almost all of the
drones to help reserve the honey stores for those bees that will
actually help the colony survive. A few drones may be retained
throughout the winter for reasons not completely understood so
if you see them flying on warm days don't be concerned (unless
you see lots of them, and you could have drone laying queen or
an egg laying worker). |
Although the work load is lessening, the work you do this
month is critical. Check that your hives have enough honey
stores to survive the winter; you need 60-100lbs of honey for your
colony to survive. Check your hive by carefully lifting from the
bottom back of the landing board; if the hive feels heavy and you
can barely move it, you should be fine. If the hive moves easily
and feels light, start emergency feeding so that the bees can store
the food for winter use. Remember that winter feed is different
from spring feed in that it is a 2:1 ratio (sugar/water). Feed until
the first hard frost when the bees form a cluster or until they stop
taking the feed, whichever comes first.
Take steps to prevent mice from getting into your hives, mouse
guards or entrance reducers should do the trick. Add a
windbreak to protect your hives if they are located in an area
where winter winds are prevalent. Ensure that the bees do have
some ventilation at the top of the hive for the release of the
moisture produced throughout the winter - if the moisture does
not leave the hive, it will collect on the inside of the cover/inner
cover where it will condense, chill and drip on the cluster causing
sudden drops in temperature and will cause the bees to struggle.
Another affect of poor ventilation is mildewing and molding on
the frames which can sour the honey and give the bees nosema
(dysentery) which can destroy a hive quickly.
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